It wasn't too long ago that things seemed to be looking up for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). With Democrats in control of Congress and the Presidency, budgeting for the IRS appeared to be on the upswing after years of decline. The President’s tax proposals included raising revenue by giving the IRS an additional $80 billion to increase their enforcement activity. The IRS was looking to hire additional auditors.
However, the IRS has announced an unusually gloomy prediction for the 2022 tax filing season.
The IRS is publicly predicting enormous challenges in timely processing tax returns, issuing tax refunds, and responding to taxpayer inquiries. It has laid the blame on a combination of factors, including the pandemic, the years of budget cuts, and the requirement to devote time and resources to the economic impact payments and the advance child tax credit payments.
The IRS announced a fairly normal period for the tax filing season, starting on January 24, 2022, and ending on April 18, 2022; however, it said that it is starting the 2022 tax filing season with a much greater backlog from the 2021 tax filing season than is normal, with over six million unprocessed individual 2021 tax returns and two million amended tax returns at the end of 2021.
The National Taxpayer Advocate stated that the IRS telephone service was worse than it had ever been in 2021, with an answer rate of only around 10 percent. The IRS has experienced a 25 percent decline in staff and a 20 percent decline in its budget as its workload has continued to increase. The workload has increased not only due to the growing U.S. population but also due to the COVID-related payments that the IRS was tasked with distributing.
Tax practitioners have experienced these problems over the past two filing seasons. The IRS had continued to send out computer-generated notices complaining about the lack of taxpayer responses, while truckloads of IRS mail sat unopened at IRS facilities as IRS personnel were forced to work from home. Even special phone lines for tax practitioners experienced the same problems as phone lines for taxpayers.
The House has proposed a 14% increase in the IRS budget for the current fiscal year, but that budget has not yet passed the Senate as of this writing. The proposed additional $80 billion for the IRS to beef up enforcement and help reduce the tax gap was left out of the infrastructure legislation due to Republican opposition. It is included in the version of the Build Back Better bill that has passed the House, but the future of that bill in the Senate remains cloudy.
While the IRS is encouraging taxpayers to file returns as early as possible and to file electronically, still about 10% of tax returns are filed on paper (sometimes due to prohibitions on filing certain statements and forms online), which require an inordinate amount of time to process.
The IRS has tried during the pandemic to ease some requirements for in-person contact by permitting more e-signatures and relaxing notarization requirements, but that also comes with the risk of expanded fraud and identity theft.
IRS History
The current IRS can trace its history back to the Civil War when the position of Commissioner of Internal Revenue was created and an income tax was enacted to help fund the war effort. The Commissioner’s role stayed on even as that income tax was allowed to expire. The Commissioner eventually became head of the Bureau of Internal Revenue, created in 1913 following ratification of the 16th Amendment to the Constitution and enactment of the federal income tax that remains with us to this day.
The Bureau of Internal Revenue experienced its own early woes as the population subject to income taxation was greatly expanded first during World War I, then again during the Great Depression, and then again during World War II. The Commissioner of Internal Revenue was also tasked with enforcing the first 11 years of prohibition starting in 1918. The early 1950s brought reports of abuses by the Bureau of Internal Revenue personnel, a restructuring of the tax code in 1954, and an official renaming as the Internal Revenue Service.
The IRS’s current problems can probably be traced to reports of abusive practices by IRS agents in the 1980s and 1990s, which resulted in the
All during this period, the population of the United States continued to grow and the tax code continued to become more complicated, as provisions were added not only to raise or lower revenues but also to achieve a variety of social goals, including help for families, education, health, retirement, the poor, charities, etc. The growth of refundable tax credits coupled with wage withholding that started in World War II resulted in many taxpayers receiving refunds from the IRS at the tax return time rather than owing money.
In 2014, the
The Current Situation
The IRS currently is understaffed to achieve the tasks assigned to it and too underfunded to modernize with the technology needed to accomplish those tasks with a reduced staff. While it is well documented that a dollar spent on funding the IRS creates a return of as much as six-fold to the government with increased collections, that increased funding has not yet been enacted.
In the past years, the IRS seemed to try to hide its imperfections with reports on how well the tax season was going in spite of a severe shortage in staff and funding. Now, however, the IRS seems more willing to lay its cards on the table and state that the 2022 tax season could be a disaster before it even starts.
From the perspective of the tax return preparer, however, the 2022 tax filing season may be no worse than the past two.
Currently, there is no extended tax filing season; COVID is becoming something that tax professionals are getting accustomed to dealing with; the number of tax changes for 2021 that tax return preparers need to deal with are probably not any larger than the typical tax law changes in each of the recent years, and the concerns that the IRS is expressing about the current filing season are similar to the concerns that tax professionals have already experienced for the last two tax filing seasons.
There is little reason to hope that things will get better right away. Even a big increase in IRS funding if Build Back Better were enacted in 2022 would only have a weak ability to provide immediate results, though it might improve morale at the IRS immediately.
