A company's obligation to a worker for federal tax purposes depends primarily on whether the worker is an employee or an independent contractor, according to G. J. Stillson MacDonnell, a shareholder at the national labor and employment law firm of Littler Mendelson. "There is no other option," she said.While independent contractor status provides benefits to companies and individuals, it draws hostility from the Internal Revenue Service and state tax agencies, she said.

The Internal Revenue Service announced a formula allowing businesses and tax-exempt organizations to estimate their federal telephone excise tax refunds.In May, the government announced that it would stop collecting the federal excise tax on long-distance telephone service beginning Aug. 1, 2006, and provide refunds for taxes billed after Feb. 28, 2003.

Tax strategies don't just come from nowhere. They arise out of necessity and typically are reactive, constructed as work-arounds to avoid certain tax pitfalls or to meet certain rules. Viewed from this perspective and appropriate to the start of a New Year, we offer our list of the Top 10 tax developments of 2006 that will shape tax strategies in 2007.* No. 1: The IRS's use of the economic substance doctrine. Under the economic substance doctrine as adroitly used by the Internal Revenue Service Chief Counsel's Office in the Coltec case, Black & Decker and other tax-shelter-related litigation, a tax strategy can conform to the letter of the Revenue Code, yet fail to win the desired result.

In pursuit of auditing standards that would be clear to auditors around the world, the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board has issued exposure drafts of existing international standards that have been recast in a clearer form.While the changes do not affect auditors in the U.S., who audit under the standards of the Auditing Standards Board, that board may soon begin a similar clarification process, perhaps following the IAASB model, or perhaps devising its own.

The Financial Accounting Standards Board has created a new committee comprised of a dozen individuals from the investment community who regularly focus on accounting and financial reporting matters.

Rep. Barney Frank said that wage inequality among U.S. workers is his No. 1 priority as he prepares to take over chairmanship of the House Financial Services Committee this week.In a speech at the National Press Club, Frank, D-Mass., said that he will hold hearings about wages over the next two years in an attempt to address the gap between economic growth and workers' wages.

As president and chief executive of the Institute of Management Accountants for the past three years, Paul Sharman has worked to establish a new direction for the association.Sharman’s ultimate goal is to reposition management accountants at the forefront of the accountancy profession, and in recent years the IMA has focused on advancing the management accounting and finance profession through certification, superior professional ethical standards and competence-based continuing education.