Regulatory actions and programs

Retailers and other businesses that sell prepaid phone cards for long-distance service can usually qualify for the telephone tax refund, according to the Internal Revenue Service.

The latest compilations of international auditing, ethics and public sector accounting standards are available in print and electronic formats from the International Federation of Accountants.The 2007 “Handbook of International Auditing, Assurance and Ethics Pronouncements” contains all pronouncements of the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board as of Dec. 31, including the first four standards on auditing, which were redrafted under the board’s new clarity drafting rules. The handbook also contains an updated, “Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants,” which was issued by the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants in July.

A New Orleans court has overturned the class-certification of a group of shareholders looking to sue major investment banks for more than $40 billion to cover the banks’ alleged role in Enron Corp.’s accounting fraud.

One year down, three more to go.KPMG has approved San Diego’s financial statements for the city’s 2003 fiscal year, issuing a clean audit opinion letter last week. In the culmination of a three-year audit process, the Big Four firm issued 66 restatements -- covering wrongly recorded debt, property and investments -- that totaled nearly $1.8 billion.

In 2007, financial reporting is at a crossroads - with far-reaching implications for businesses, investors and the capital markets.Appropriately, the International Accounting Standards Board and the Financial Accounting Standards Board have held public discussions with stakeholders and leading experts in Hong Kong, London, and Norwalk, Conn., discussing the creation of a new conceptual framework for financial reporting.

PWC EXITS AS BEARINGPOINT AUDITORBig Four firm PricewaterhouseCoopers resigned as independent accountant to troubled global consulting firm BearingPoint Inc., declining to stand for re-election.

Not long ago, one of us noted an inspirational quotation on the editorial page of the hometown paper. It captured our full attention because its insight applies to a major issue facing the financial reporting community and profession:"The disappearance of a sense of responsibility is the most far-reaching consequence of submission to authority."

The Internal Revenue Service issued guidance identifying dozens of frivolous positions that taxpayers should avoid when filing their tax returns.The guidance lists 40 positions which have no basis for validity in existing law or which have been deemed frivolous by the U.S. Tax Court, or another federal court. If these or other frivolous positions are contained in a tax return, taxpayers could face a $5,000 penalty -- 10 times the previous maximum.

At least one in five workers eligible for the Earned Income Tax Credit will leave that money on the table this tax season, and Congress is looking to accountants and other tax professionals to help address the problem.During hearings before the House Ways and Means Oversight Subcommittee, congressional leaders said that while 22 million low-income families and individuals claimed EITC wage subsidies last year, millions more who are eligible for the tax credits don't receive them.

The Internal Revenue Service has rolled out its annual list of the 12 most blatant tax return scams. Topping the "Dirty Dozen" are fraudulent claims for the one-time Telephone Excise Tax refund. Also new to the list this year are abuses pertaining to:* Roth IRAs. Taxpayers should be wary of advisors who encourage them to shift under-valued property to these IRAs. In one variation, a promoter has the taxpayer move under-valued common stock into a Roth IRA, circumventing the annual maximum contribution limit and allowing otherwise taxable income to go untaxed.

The measures to close the tax gap offered by President Bush in his 2008 budget are somewhat modest, according to observers.The president's $2.9 trillion budget contains a number of legislative proposals to close the gap in four areas: by expanding information reporting, improving compliance by businesses, strengthening tax administration and expanding penalties.

The International Accounting Standards Board has announced the membership of a new Employee Benefits Working Group.The board established the group to assist in a project on post-employment benefits by providing a variety of exert perspectives, including those of actuaries, auditors, preparers and users of financial statements, and regulators. The group consists of 16 senior professionals with extensive practical experience in the operation, management, valuation, financial reporting, auditing or regulation of a variety of post-employment benefit arrangements.

The Securities and Exchange Commission has settled improper accounting charges it brought against a trio of former financial officers of Raytheon Co.

In a filing with regulators, General Motors said that ineffective internal controls over financial reporting might make it difficult for the company to execute on its business plan.

The Institute for Fraud Prevention has released a study saying that most financial statement fraud is orchestrated by an organization’s chief executive, who is usually aided by outsiders in the overriding of internal controls.

Optimism among small-business owners declined last month as fewer companies said that they expected sales to rise, according to the National Federation of Independent Business' index of business optimism.

Federal prosecutors have arrested a New York-based Internal Revenue Service agent on tax fraud charges, according to a published report.Harry Willner, 59, who has been an IRS agent for more than three decades, was charged with five counts of tax fraud on Monday. Federal prosecutors have accused him of cheating on his personal income taxes, as well as offering loopholes to other taxpayers.

Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson said that U.S. rulemakers should consider adopting "principles-based" regulations and accounting standards in a speech at the Capital Markets Competitiveness Conference.Paulson said that in particular, there should be a focus on three issues in the United States -- the country’s regulatory structure, its accounting industry and its legal and corporate governance environment.

Many of the same recommendations keep emerging from report after report -- no matter how nonpartisan or partisan the group.That happened just this week, on some level, with macro comments Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson made in opening a conference on international market competition, as well as with the six pointed recommendations the U.S. Chamber of Commerce offered to Congress and the investment community.

Russian authorities raided the offices of PwC's Russian unit, ZAO PricewaterhouseCoopers Audit, last Friday, in search of new criminal evidence to be used against the firm, which the government suspects of tax evasion, and against bankrupted oil giant OAO Yukos, whose senior executives the government suspects of accounting fraud.